African American History Course Works

Introduction America has experienced a series of violence throughout her history. There are two types of propagators of violence in America. The propagators include the government which suppresses and oppresses the citizens that it should take care of. Whenever activists came into the open to oppose the oppression, the government executed them. Another group that propagated violence are the activists who could organize for massacre in order for the government to act. John Brown saw it wiser to kill all the slaves than see them suffer in the poor living conditions of poverty. American character in this sense means the way America has been viewed. The perception that has been derived from America is the oppression nature. America is seen to be oppressing the inhabitants Violence and oppression is part of American character and no body could dare coming out in the open to oppose the ruling class. There is a lot of violence that has been witnessed in the United States propagated by both the government and the activists who organize massacres. John Brown was a man of violence and one who can be referred to as a terrorist in the present day. He believed that the government which oppressed the citizens should be met with violence. He did not make any distinction between the innocent and the guilty in a society where evil perpetuated. America has been an arena of violence for a very long period of time. Dred Scott was an African American slave. He was involved in a Supreme Court case which was based on the fact that although he and his wife were slaves, they lived with their master in states where slavery was illegal. His case was however not successful because he had an African origin and so he was not entitled to bring suit in federal court under the diversity of citizenship. Scott thought that he was free as he stepped on free soil but later realized that the citizenship rules could not even allow him file a suit in the federal courts. Different generations write their own history. An assumption of continuity can be used to apply American Constitutionalism. The people of America require knowledge and the understanding of the legal instruments to carry out their political life. Historical knowledge of law is very important as it helps one to ascertain the judgment and know whether it is in line with the constitution.   Scott’s case is an example of a court’s decisi on to write it political philosophy into the constitution. There was no body who was willing to accord the right judgment to Scott because he had the Africa American Origin. Work Cited List http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2005/04/050425crbo_books Shurtleff, Mark. Am I not a Man? The Dred Scott Story. Valor Publishing. 2009 Swain, Gwenyth. Dred and Harriet Scott: A Family’s Struggle for Freedom. Saint Paul, MN: Borealis Books. 2004 Tsesis, Alexander. We shall overcome: A history of Civil Rights and the Law. New Haven, C.T. Yale University Press. 2008

Legal Feasibility of Probation After Appeal Under...

LEGAL FEASIBILITY OF PROBATION AFTER APPEAL UNDER PHILIPPINE LAWS Probation is a remedy which offenders must avail of at the first opportunity. As presently worded, the Probation Law requires that the application for probation must be filed within the period for perfecting an appeal. Thus, the filing of an appeal and an application for probation are mutually exclusive remedies, such that recourse to one necessarily bars resort to the other – as each will operate as an automatic waiver of the other. Despite what appears to be the clear and categorical wording of Section 4 of the Probation Law that â€Å"no application for probation shall be entertained or granted if the defendant has perfected the appeal from the judgment of conviction,†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"The modification of the penalty imposed on appellant brought him outside the sphere of the disqualification provided by law.† (as originally emphasized) In resolving the motion for leave to apply for probation, the Court of Appeals ruled: â€Å"We agree with the above observations of the Office of the Solicitor General. And we would like to add that the reasons of PD 1990 for amending PD 968 by disqualifying a defendant who has perfected an appeal from the judgment of conviction against him from applying for probation are: â€Å"’WHEREAS, the time, effort and expenses of the Government in investigating and prosecuting accused persons from the lower courts up to the Supreme Court, are oftentimes rendered nugatory when, after the appellate Court finally affirms the judgment of conviction, the defendant applies for and is granted probation; â€Å"’WHEREAS, probation was not intended as an escape hatch and should not be used to obstruct and delay the administration of justice, but should be availed of at the first opportunity by offenders who are willing to be reformed andShow MoreRelatedBusiness in Singapore30736 Words   |  123 PagesDoing Business in Singapore DOING BUSINESS IN SINGAPORE 1 CONTENTS 3 4 11 FOREWORD INTRODUCTION - Getting to know Singapore OVERVIEW OF LEGAL ENVIRONMENT - Legal Framework - Handling Civil Disputes - Employment - Immigration - Competition Act - Singapores Free Trade Agreement (FTAs) STARTING A BUSINESS BANKING RELATIONSHIP IN SINGAPORE - Introduction to the Financial Landscape in Singapore - Banking in Singapore - Business Credit Facilities - Business Protection TYPES OF BUSINESS ORGANISATIONSRead MoreStrategic Human Resource Management72324 Words   |  290 Pagesdeliberate and planned? What is Strategic HRM? What are the outcomes of an HR strategy? What different models are there of HR strategy? How is Strategic HRM Different from Other Aspects of HRM? So what determines an organisation s HRM strategy? Is legal compliance strategic? So is responding to ethical issues strategic? So is corporate social responsibility strategic? Page 2 2 3 5 6 6 7 12 12 13 14 14 B. C. D. E. How Does Research Show that Strategic HRM Adds Value to an OrganisationRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagesreverse a decline? KPMG (A) – managing change in professional services. Xerox – difficulties with leadership at the global giant. UNHCR – managing change in a global not-for-profit organisation. Burtons (A,B,C) – three stages of a retailer’s development under different leaders. Key: ââ€" Ã¢â€"  = major focus ââ€"  = important subsidiary focus Introduction to strategy Business environment: general Five forces analysis Capability analysis Corporate governance Stakeholder expectations Social responsibility Culture CompetitiveRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 Pageselectronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally to some other use of this publication) without the written permission of the copyright holder except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London, England W1T 4LP. Applications for the copyright holder’s written permission to reproduce any part of this publication should be addressed to the publisher

Workshop Critique Free Essays

Designing a more effective workshop is a daunting challenge to today’s fast moving world that exhibits dynamism in various aspects. As a result it poses a daunting challenge to the workshop organizers and planers especially when there are sensitive issues regarding to conflicts, interracial misunderstanding and poor communication among the participants. In this regard, designing and implementing workshop for the young persons who face challenging issues when they have been asked to work in a group such as Communication, language barriers, culture differences and conflicts, on which the participants wanted to improve on becomes a challenge. We will write a custom essay sample on Workshop Critique or any similar topic only for you Order Now As a consequence, design for such a workshop it is deemed necessary to critically balance the goals of the participants and the learning and facilitating resources against the philosophy and objectives of designers (Barbazette, 2001). This aspect of workshop planning and implementation is a key principle to a successful workshop implementation that guarantees positive outcomes of the workshop which some planners usually neglect. In circumstances that balancing principle is neglected the planers usually dominate their design with their views and views of the participants obtained from surveys such as TNA for this case. Although in most cases in the process of workshop designing both planners and participant’s philosophical ands theoretical goals may be coherent in the sense that both aims at improving their educational process, the reality of the school environment can cause inappropriate planning and miscommunication in regard to workshop design. However, planers creativity, innovativeness and awareness can help arrive at a tangible workshop that participants can implement the skills, attitudes, behaviors and knowledge to their daily practices in their respective schools and groups. Therefore in designing an effective workshop the key domains that were considered are logistics, recourses and content. Rationale for Workshop Design The rationale for workshop design was informed greatly by logistics involved, content and the learning and teaching resources. The design was highly influenced by the TNA conducted which revealed that the students or participants had difficulties working in groups in terms of communication, language, barriers, conflicts and cultural differences. In this regard, the workshop was stimulated in away that it became a leaner centered. The logistics involved in the workshop design to a greater extend contributed to the success of the workshop. By summing up the aim of the logistics involved in the workshop design, the workshop was supposed to impact day-to-day group work tasks of the participants (Barbazette, 2001). The focus of the workshop was centered on the understanding the principles and process of effective group formation and functioning with respect to diversity. In order to ensure that the workshop materials are applied by workshop participants to their normal schooling life, the workshop plan utilized the following strategies: first, Individualization technique that used appropriate teaching technological resources to present individualized learning materials to the participants like reference to special links on the internet because we recognize that every participant has quite a bit to learn. Second, Time was sufficiently allocated that facilitated absorption of principles and by most participants. Third, the school support â€Å"buy in† was also central to the plan as the school had to buy in the value of the workshop by permitting workshop to be conducted and students to participate. And the fourth aspect, was the selection of learning materials â€Å"Take to class materials† that are relevant to content and participants. However, despite the logistics involved in planning for the workshop effective learning during workshop proceeding is determined by quality and concern of faculty, peer group, and effective content and pedagogy. These factors are addressed by content, instructional approach and resources used in the following section. The content instructional approach was largely drawn from Kolb learning cycle (see figure 1) that utilized participant’s experiential knowledge as learning resource. Kolb learning cycle model (Kolb, 1984) emphasizes the use of learners experience to build new content. This approach is very important in learning and teaching undertakings especially to students in the sense that facilitator induces reflective aspect to learners in order for it to become a process and routine to develop learners. Kolb learning cycle comprise of four phases: Concrete Experience, Reflective Observation, Abstract Conceptualization and Active Experimentation, which must be adhered to in order to attain meaningful learning. By adhering to these four stages, the participants were able to reflect on their experience to formulate concepts which can be applied to their future situations relating to group work. The new participant’s behavior is tested out by exposing him or her to new situation or previous situations and comparing the effectiveness of learning outcome. For instance, in this case speed ball was reintroduced to participants after learning and revealed that group competency has been gained evident by reduction in task performance time for 17seconds to 1 second. Briefly the four phases of Kolb’s cycle are significant in enhancing learning and skills long term skills that the workshop participants can apply to real life situation. For instance, Concrete experience phase involves ‘doing’ aspect that drive for process and content of workshop through materials. The use of interactive games in workshop like speedball, this enhances experience on the past of participants. Reflective observation is the participant’s qualities and judgments of events and discussion of the learning process with peers (Cranton, 1995; Trotman, 2000; Gordon, 2002). As a result, participants were able to reflect on their training at the workshop and at the same time normal school learning situation this enable the students to have confidence with their colleagues and mitigate painful learning experiences. To enhance a meaningful reflection of the participants keep their journals or a log. Importantly, reflection aspect is vital mechanism to promote learning and professional development. Abstract conceptualization helps learners to plan better future activities added to their reflection of their personal experience by being informed by educated theories. In this context, Educational theories were major drawn from luck man’s model of learn development, forming, worming, storming and performing. While at the same time the Taylor’s set of 16 guiding principles of effective groups was utilized see [table 1] (Taylor, 1996). Through educational information added to the students own reflection, enables the participants to integrate theories and the analysis of the past actions to draw conclusion about their group work practices. Active experimentation is the final and actualization phase according to Kolb cycle of learning in the sense that it enables the work shop participants to use conclusion drawn about present actions from Abstract conceptualization phase as a basis to plan changes to their group work performance, the Active experimentation phase is vital because it generates concrete experience to the participants thereby forming knowledge base to inform, educate others and develop effective group interactive skills. Moreover, the attained concrete experience serve as a platform on which the participants of the work shop can review and reflect to form conclusion about the effectives of the outcomes. The content emphasis was drawn from Turkman’s Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing and ending model (see figure 1). These four distinct stages were emphasized on because the students complaint on their difficulties they do experience during working in groups greatly lie in the misunderstanding of the critical process of effective group formation and functioning. The content planned was aimed at covering and teaching the participants how to form, storm, norm, perform and adjourn the group once it is through with the task assigned. The group forming stage the emphasis was on the group leader role was stressed since there is little agreement from the team other than leader guidance and direction. Moreover, the many questions relating to objectives, purpose and individual concerns should be answered by the leader, while the members can engage in system testing to understand it better. Therefore, the forming phase entirely is dependant on the leader’s directives. The second phase of storming, the members may experience difficulties in decision making and struggle for positions. As a result, these struggles cause increase of purpose clarity but plenty of uncertainties may also persist. Therefore, the workshop participants were informed to be tolerant with different views of members disregarding their ethnic, gender or race, and try as much as possible to reach an agreeable compromise in line with their goals to avoid emotions distract their progress (Farbstein, 2003). The workshop participants were informed that if they successful undergo the first two phases, then the third stage of norming will come in automatically with ease in decision making and agreement amongst the members. Moreover, the group shall have strong unity, commitment and respect for the leader. Thereafter, the team moves to performance stage where the team shall be more strategically aware of why it is doing what it is doing due to shared vision without strict supervision or leader direction. As a result, the team shall have ambitions to over achieve their goals, easy conflict and disagreement solving and the group shall work with less instructions and directives, while the leader’s role shall only be streamlined to delegate and oversee the performance. Then lastly, the group can adjourn as the last stage when the task has been accomplished successfully. The participants were informed the joy and fulfillment of adjourning stage rests on group dissolution when everyone move to do other things or assignments feeling good about what’s been achieved. Therefore, group member ought to strive to have a happy ending by facilitating a successful group formation and functioning in their school learning activities. In addition to Turkman’s model of group formation and performing, Taylor’s 16 principles of effective group performance were included in the content since they guide and help group running normally. These included: Testing inferences and assumptions, Sharing all relevant information, Focusing on interests as opposed to positions, Agreeing on what important words mean, Being specific when referring to anything like using examples like Peterson and not you, Disagreeing openly with any member of the group, Make statements and then invite questions and comments and Explaining the reasons behind questions, actions and statements. Additionally, jointly designing ways to test disagreements and solutions, Discussing undiscussable issues, Keeping discussions focused, there should be no taking of cheap shots as they may distract the group, All members are expected to be participating in all phases of the group processes, Exchange relevant information with non-group members, Make decisions by consensus, Doing self-critiques. These principles are vital and useful to group as they offer guidelines to successful group functioning and performance. Workshop resources were carefully selected since the learning resources can be turned into a factor with a positive impact (Farbstein, 2003; Kieren, 2005; Smith, 1998). The challenge towards meeting sufficient workshop resources was funding or financial limitation to avail the necessary resources to the participants such as handouts on principles of effective group performance and the Turkman’s model of group forming, storming, norming and performing. Despite financial limitation, there was use of relevant text books, reference to important websites for information regarding effective group functioning and use of charts was widely used. In addition to that, the participants were requested to write a position paper in rejection or support of the pedagogical innovations used in the workshop. Workshop outcomes The workshop outcome from my observation, it was very good and the team was able to communicate with each other, they have followed exactly the Tuchman’s model of team development, forming, storming, and norming, performing, and then ending. Moreover, I observed that the conflict on the norming stage was not obvious because the number of the team members were few; therefore they were able to overcome their conflict so easily. Additionally, during the activity, I noticed that some students showed leadership skills and some were just followers and listeners. The major theory that can be used to explain this show of behavior is goal setting and reinforcement theories. This is in the sense that the participants were able to set their personal goals that motivated and spurred their behavior and need to achieve. While on the other hand, the facilitators were able to reinforce positively the participants especially by use of extrinsic motivators. As a result, the survey results obtained from students showed that they all liked a lot the workshop (Kirkpatrick, 1994). Recommendations for improvements The workshop was successful but needed more aspects and issues to be looked at or incorporated. For instance, during facilitation there is need to integrate workshop design with more academic theory and application in sense that they are interwoven to have it deliver skills and knowledge at its best. The making of this linkage can help to continue the momentum from the participants’ experience. However, there is need to revolve around more personal theory around participants responses to the experience and less of academic theories. Furthermore, there is need to allocate sufficient time to maximize the outcomes of the activity by considering its implications and impacts of day-to-day participants academic undertaking. And finally, learning and teaching resources ought to have more attention paid to and proper resources mobilization to even include handouts to help participants with application outside the workshop. Lastly, the TNA need to be clearer and all inclusive to include wide views of stakeholders. Conclusion In conclusion, the paper has looked at the workshop design and implementation with insight to its outcomes. The success of the workshop demonstrate the fact that technical competency at any organization is not enough, but rather the interpersonal skills that facilitates individuals development of effective work relationships. In order to attain that, there was collaborative approach to design and implement the workshop to meet the needs from various participants’ perspectives. As a result, the workshop was able to successfully transfer of learning to behavior because: first, participants improved their communication skills demonstrated by reduction in speedball exercise time from 17 seconds to 1 second. This also indicates that Participants had attained an increase in self-awareness in relation to body language, tone of voice and active listening. Moreover, the participants showed that they were less aggressive and more assertive in relation to their approach while interacting with their peers. Secondly, the participants gained insight into behavior of self and others. Therefore, the participant developed a sense to appreciate others’ cultural, racial and ethnic differences and was able to adapt necessary communication styles aimed at improving their interpersonal relations. How to cite Workshop Critique, Papers

Mental Health Issues Are Most Time Ignorant-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Mental Health Issues Are Most Of The Time Ignorant? Answer: Introducation There is still a stigma that is associated with mental illness, many people who are suffering from mental healthcare issues are most of the time ignorant about the procedure of treatment. Many times people live in denial that they even have any and of problem that needs to be looked after and treated in the first place. There are also people who are shy to admit their problems and share it with their closed ones. Hence, it is evident that there are several apprehensions and wrong notions about mental illness among people (Corrigan, Druss Perlick, 2014). There are several reasons for this apprehension to occur in the minds of the people but the first and foremost reason is that people have very less knowledge about mental illness and the procedures how to cure the problem. Lack of awareness in the people sometimes leads to a serious illness which could have been resolved if steps would have been taken before. A mental illness is a condition that impacts the thinking process of an individual and affects the feelings and mood of that person. Every human being is different in his or her own ways and so the same diagnosis may have different outcomes with every other person. Mental illness may also cause difficulty in performing day to day work. Mental issues may have various causes like genetics, living environment, serious trauma, lifestyle choice etc. imbalance in the biochemical processes and basic brain structure may also cause mental illness. It does not only affect the life of the patient it also affects the lives of other people who are related to that person. Open Minds Personal Helpers Mentors Program (PHaMs) is a voluntary support group who understand the importance of assistance to a person who are suffering from mental illness. Open minds works with enthusiastic individuals with the vision of improving the metal health and wellbeing of the patients who are in need of assistance. The organization is known to provide the patients with a variety of customized support which are concentrated on the particular requirements of each of them. The service that is provided by the institution can be tailored as per the duration and the type of support can also be decided. Not only that Open Minds offers community access, set up a standard livelihood, offer health support and other services. The organization helps an individual to focus on their strengths and talents so that they can have rapid recovery and also achieve individual development. The recovery enhancement framework is the concept and model on which the institution runs this service is comprehensive and forms the basis of training of the staff in specialized cases (Ho, 2016). The PhaMs program appoints an individual to a patient with mental illness and is striving towards his or her betterment. The concept works on the fundamental basis of respect of the desires of the individual who are seeking help. The recovery process is more focused on developing and betterment of the strengths of the patients than battling the weakness. The personal mentors that are appointed to the patients help the in setting milestones for them and also assist them to achieve these goals with strategy and organization. The mentors help the patients in every way possible even some of the basic way of living like taking a public transport may be a huge deal for a person with mental illness the mentors supports the patient and encourages the patient to also perform simple budgeting and look for a place to live etc. People who have a mental issue has also this problem of getting detached with the family and closed ones the mentors help the patent to connect back to the near and dear ones this in turn helps in the recovery process as the person gains confidence and self respect in the process. Apart from getting detached with the relatives a person with mental issues have a tendency to retract oneself from the society, they usually do not like socializing or making friends or even going out for shopping, the mentors are there to assist in social networking and more involvement in the community (PHaMs Personal Helpers and Mentors, 2017). The people who are volunteering for this program are skilled and trained in various backgrounds and are people who understand the requirements and the expectations of the patients. It is important to meet the needs of the patients in their own way and receive appropriate training, management and guidance. If the patents want then the family or the friends can also be approached by the institution to get involved in the process of recovery of the patient (Wadsworth, 2011). The patent is first put through a screening test that assesses the patients level of illness that is whether or not this person is functional on a daily basis and also what is the severity of the problem that the patient is suffering from. In case of people who are not clinically diagnosed are also offered a mentor who can help the person to go through further assessments and recovery process (Owen Rogers, 1999). The success of this program can be evaluated by the statistic of the number of people who have gained positively from the program and also form the amount of patients who come to enroll themselves on a daily basis. Doctors can also be a part of the evaluation process but periodically testing the patients health (Hoggarth Comfort, 2010). For people who are suffering from mental illness it is very important for them to have a sense of belonging and company at all times. Insecurity, confusion and apprehension are some of the few reasons why the patients are unable to recover. The peer system in the PhaMs program offers the patent an individual who not only will help the patient to recover but at the same time work towards boosting the lost morale and self confidence of the person. This is one of the best ways to deal with mental sickness as these patients need consistent and continuous surveillance for recovery. Reference List: Corrigan, P. W., Druss, B. G., Perlick, D. A. (2014). The impact of mental illness stigma on seeking and participating in mental health care.psychology Science in the Public Interest,15(2), 37-70. Ho, R. T., Potash, J. S., Ho, A. H., Ho, V. F., Chen, E. Y. (2016). Reducing mental illness stigma and fostering empathic citizenship: Community arts collaborative approach.Social Work in Mental Health, 1-17. Hoggarth, L., Comfort, H. (2010).A practical guide to outcome evaluation. Jessica Kingsley Publishers. Owen, J. M., Rogers, P. (1999).Program evaluation: Forms and approaches. economics. PHaMs Personal Helpers and Mentors. (2017).openminds.org.au. Retrieved 14 August 2017, from https://www.openminds.org.au/blog/phams-personal-helpers-and-mentors Wadsworth, Y. (2011).Everyday evaluation on the run. Left Coast Press.

Antigone free essay sample

Why does Ismene object to Antigones plan to bury Polyneices? Possible Answer: Ismene believes the men who rule Thebes must not be disobeyed because men are stronger and their will must be respected. How does Antigone demonstrate pre-feminist ethics? Possible Answer: Antigone believes that a womans duty is not to the men who rule a domain, but rather to her own instincts and her own sense of right and wrong. She believes that the gods do not dictate through a ruler, but rather through individual beliefs. When does Creon become apologetic for his actions? Possible Answer: Creon never apologizes for his actions. Instead, he simply orders Antigone to be freed because he knows that Teiresias is never wrong and therefore that his own life is at risk. However, he never truly believes that his order to imprison her was the wrong course of action. What is the seeming reason for Haemons suicide? Does he kill himself only out of desperate love for the dead Antigone? Possible Answer: Haemons suicide seems to have two motivations first out of anguish over Antigones death, but also because he is so furious with his father for having betrayed his trust. We will write a custom essay sample on Antigone or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Early in the play, Haemon tells his father that as long as he offers wisdom, Haemon will follow him. But now it is clear that his father led him astray, and for that Haemon believes that one of them must die. Why isnt Creon killed by the plague that befalls him at the plays end? Possible Answer: Creons punishment is to suffer without a family, and to suffer the guilt of knowing he destroyed the lives of innocents to preserve obsolete traditions and a misconceived legacy of misogynist rule. What is Creons tragic flaw? Possible Answer: Creons tragic flaw is that he believes that men have the right to interpret divine will and impose absolute power in their name. As a result, a simple belief men cannot be wrong in the face of women is elevated to law and thus leads to multiple (unnecessary) deaths. Is Antigone ever apologetic for burying Polyneices? Possible Answer: Though Antigone bemoans her fate and believes death is a cruel and unnecessary punishment for burying Polyneices, she is never apologetic for actually covering his body. She believes until the end that she did the right thing. Why does Antigone not allow Ismene to join her in her death sentence? Possible Answer: Antigone does not want her sister laying claim to an act that was solely hers for two reasons: one, because she wants her sister to remain alive, and two, because she wants her sister to feel the shame of abandoning her principles for the sake of staying alive and being subservient to men. What is the role of the Chorus? Possible Answer: The Chorus is meant to reflect the conscience of Thebes they are the elders who expect Creon to guide them towards wisdom. As they lead him astray, they begin to sense this and reflect their feelings in their choral poems. What is unusual about the Watchmans speech? Possible Answer: Unlike the other characters, the Watchmans speech is written in more natural rhythms and dialect. Antigone free essay sample Evil not only fascinates people in general, but writers as well. In what ways and with what effect has â€Å"evil† been treated in Antigone? In the play of ‘Antigone’, evil appears in many forms. There is the soldier who is a traitor to his nation; the sister trying to prove her love for her family yet ends up breaking the law; the king who so eagerly tries to stop rule-breakers yet he himself neglects his flesh and blood. Here the difference of the two works is seen: The Earth of Mankind gives the impression that characters of power possess evil, whereas in Antigone, evil can be inside all of these opposing individuals. Polyneices, a soldier who fought against his own nation was to be punished as a traitor by not burying him after his death. When his sister, Antigone, goes against the King’s decree and burry Polyneices, she was also seen as a traitor to her country. We will write a custom essay sample on Antigone or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However their other sibling, Ismene, who sits at home as Antigone fights for her brother’s right, is also said to have performed a crime of being a traitor to her family. Now something we can see from here is that each and every character involved in the story so far possesses evil. This message is summed up by Sophocles in page 204 of the book, in Ode 1, where it says, ‘O fate of man, working both good and evil! ’ What the writer is trying to convey here is more realistic than what is said in ‘The Earth of Mankind’; both evil and good is naturally inside everyone’s mind.It is one’s choice to do which, but performing a crime is inevitable. Everyone has his or her own ‘evil’ deeds, not only the powerful ones. As seen in my previous explanation on who performs evil deeds in the play of ‘Antigone’, we can see that one evil act leads to another, whereas the chain of good doings ends sooner. Eteocles, who was a soldier and a brother to Antigone, fought bravely for his nation and was buried with honor by the King. Although many respect him for his virtuosity, the play didn’t show that further kindness was done because of him.However, when Polyneices betrays his nation and fought against it, a number of people are forced to perform evil in his affect. Antigone had to break the law in order to give him his right of getting a burial. Ismene, who was too scared to go against the decree, was said to be a traitor to her family, as she didn’t come to assist Antigone in her mission. They then cause Creon to imprison the sisters, punish them, which then cause him to have a fight with his son. Creon then causes death of Haimon, and therefore leads to the suicide of the Queen.On page 243, the messenger says, ‘†¦and her last breath was a curse for their father, the murderer of her sons. ’ A number of misfortunes occur as being the result of one act of evil. The play now gives the effect that evil gives more negative outcomes in comparison to good giving positive results. Here, evil is powerful enough to make such a big impact on its surrounding; bigger than the good. Creon sees Antigone as a traitor to his rules, despite her reasons. Creon imprisoned both Antigone and Ismene for the burial of the nation’s traitor, Polyneices, who is their brother.It is true that Antigone has broken the law, but according to her logic, it is more important to follow the rules of the Gods than the King. She feels that the dead, no matter what they did in their lives, deserve respect and be buried, and that it was her duty to do so as Polyneices’ sister. She didn’t care that she is breaking the decree, and may be punished to die, as long as this task is done. Creon, being a non-believer of the Gods in the beginning, thinks that breaking the law is crime, no matter for what purpose.Polyneices was a traitor and he suffers because of himself, thus no one should help him. On page 211, Creon even said to Antigone, ‘An enemy is an enemy, even dead. ’ There is truth in both arguments, and no one can say what is right. Here, the play depicts that the existence of evil depends on how one views it. ‘Antigone’ treats evil as a subjective topic, where it may be seen as a crime from one point of view, but is actually a good deed from another. No evil deed is done without a reason, and the play shows that one should explore, not only what crime has been done, but also why it was done.

PH Lab Experiment Essays - Equilibrium Chemistry, Titration, PH

PH Lab Experiment Essays - Equilibrium Chemistry, Titration, PH pH Lab Experiment By Jeff Price Biology 101- 011 Dr. Art Ellis 1 May 1997 Trident Technical College Charleston, South Carolina 29423 pH Lab Experiment Abstract: Upon hypothesizing that stomach medicines are useful in neutralizing the acidic affects of beverages when used properly an experiment was designed to test this theory. The experiment incorporated the use of white grape juice to be the acid, Maalox as the antacid, and red cabbage juice as the pH indicator. A control group was also formulated by substituting distilled water for the antacids. After mixing the solutions in separate test tubes, any changes were recorded. These changes were the indicators for the pH level of the mixture. The tube containing white grape juice changed to a pink color (pH value 3). The tube containing Maalox changed to a greenish blue (pH value of 8). There was no change in the control group. Then when white grape juice and Maalox were tested, a blue color resulted (pH value of 7, neutral). Therefore, the experiment shows that antacids can be effective neutralizers with proper use and understanding of how they work. Introduction: pH is the measurement of positive hydrogen ions (H+) in solution. A substance that has a high concentration of H+ is acidic. A substance that has a low concentration of H+ is basic (alkaline) (Dickey, 1995). The measurements of pH are obtained through paper tests, machine measurements, or the use of other indicators. Most of these other indicators rely on a change in a mixtures color in order to determine the pH level of the substance. These colors have been coordinated with pH values. The pH values begin at 0 and run to 14. A pH value of 0-6 indicates an acidic solution. A pH value of 7 indicates a neutral substance and a pH value of 8-14 represents a base (Starr and Taggart, 1995). The ability to measure pH has become important in the manufacture of foods, paper, and chemicals (Altwicker and Micheal, 1985). In the following experiment, a pH comparison is made between beverages and stomach medicines. Some studies suggest that antacids may be of no benefit or may actually be harmful to the user (Graf, 1985). One hypothesizes is that stomach medicines are useful in neutralizing the acidic affects of beverages when used properly. Materials and Methods: The experiment was conducted using eight clean test tubes, parafilm, red cabbage juice, white grape juice, 7UP, Club Soda, Seltzer Water, Milk of Magnesia, Sodium Bicarbonate, and Maalox With a 5mL delivery pipet and a green pi-pump, 3mL of either a beverage or medicine was added to the test tubes. In the eighth test tube, 3 milliliters of white grape juice and Maalox were combined. The tubes were labeled accordingly and then placed in a holding rack. Using a clean 5mL pipet with pi-pump, 3mL of red cabbage juice was added to each of the eight solutions. Parafilm was used to cover the test tubes and then the mixture were lightly shaken. Results: The reaction (color) of each test tube solution of either beverage or stomach medicine was compared to the color spectrum. The pH values of each solution was then recorded. The following chart shows the pH value of each solution. BeveragepHMedicinepH White grape Juice3Milk of Magnesia12 7UP4Sodium Bicarbonate10 Club Soda6Maalox8 Seltzer Water5 CombinationSolution White grape juice/Maalox 7 The beverages used in this experiment fully represent the acidic end of the pH scale (6-0). Stomach medicines in this case, represent the base side of the scale (8-14). On the pH scale, 7 is neutral and thus white grape juice mixed with Maalox resulted in a pH of 7. Discussion and Conclusion: In this pH experiment, it is shown that antacids such as Maalox can be used effectively in neutralizing acidic stomach acid when used properly. There are variations in acidity in each and every beverage as shown in the chart. The closer a pH value of a beverage is to 7 (neutral), the less likely that someone will have and acidic stomach. Therefore, the less acidic the stomach condition, the less likely someone will need to use an antacid. There is justification to be concerned about harmful effects of misuse. Excessive amounts of antacids will cause the pH balance in the stomach to become basic in nature. If this is allowed to continue, too basic is just as

Supply chain management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 4

Supply chain management - Essay Example Experts defined SCM as a blend of a variety of procedures that begin from the preliminary stage of the product till the completed utilization of the same creation by the customer. It is a procedure which entail the development, execution, of these plans, and scheming of the product construct with the purpose of providing absolute fulfillment to the customer with regards to the quality of the product, (Wixon, Jim 2000). No innovation retains the fancy of the industry for long. SCM also, like many other new techniques before it, has gone out of fashion with many of the industries, (Davis,1993). This is evident from their inability to verify data pertaining to disruptions or irregularities in supply chains, Failure of Executives to pin point unfavorable actions and reasonably predict their consequences to the business push them into hasty decisions with undesirable consequences, (Gosling, 2003). Needless to say, such actions can be disastrous to the company operating in a competitive en vironment, (Lee, and Billington, 1992). Manufacturing and product delivery costs can mount, inventory may pile up, further adding to the cost, and actual delivery to the consumer get delayed, each of these individually and together can burden the company, (Christy, 1994). Non-availability of relevant SCM data may deny to the organization the ability to respond promptly and successfully to emerging opportunities. 2.0 SCOR – OVERVIEW AND UTILITY TO BUSINESS OPERATIONS Supply Chain Operations reference (SCOR) model has been evolved, tested and certified by the Supply Chain Council, a Non-Profit Organization. The industry has received it well and adopted extensively as a reliable tool for analyzing Supply Chain operations and managing them, (SCC, 1999). It enables its users to compare the various SCM activities and evaluate their performance and relevance to the management objectives. It is hierarchical and structural in nature. As end result it provides the optimal processes and solutions for the organization’s SCM requirements, (Brocke, 2007). SCOR analyses all the elements on the Product Development and Delivery network and keeping the focus on optimum satisfaction of the customer, identifies and brings to light complicated as well as simple supply chains which have specific impacts on the over all outcome of the operations, (Supply-Chain Council, 2005). This ease of analysis helps in interconnecting and showing as sequels the chain of events/operations that hinder production or delivery, and their over-all impact, (VRM 3.0, 2004). Thus it serves as a foundation on which Supply chains can be developed for simple local operations as much as it can serve to build large scale world-wide Projects, (Fox, Chionglo, and Barbuceanu, 1993). SCOR has become handy for enhancing the flexibility of interaction among trading partners and customers, which, in turn has radically impacted the operational economics of the entire Industry. The combination of the adv anced capabilities of I.T. with SCOR has produced very good results, (BEA,2003). Far from the mere connectivity of Supply Chain events, SCOR has now achieved a system of extracting real time data at various levels,

Culture and disease Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Culture and disease - Essay Example 30 and above is considered obese. There are a variety of physiological conditions which can result from obesity. There is greater susceptibility to diabetes, cardiovascular and respiratory illness, as well as certain types of cancers. A psychiatric condition which has comorbidity with obesity is depression. This could be caused by the inability to deal with the stresses of life or with self-esteem issues due to the inability to achieve the healthy lifestyle demanded by society. As a result, there is a circular effect when dealing with obesity and depression. As a worldwide view on obesity, Americans seem to have the most. According to a survey done by the National Health and Nutrition Survey (2003-2004) showed that about 32.2% of adult Americans are obese (Ogden et al., 2006). With such a large portion, approximately one out of three people are obese, it is important to look at the sociological aspects of dealing with this condition. Obesity is not a disease that can be caught, howev er there are some genetic components which suggest that certain genes may regulate metabolite levels which can impact whether a person becomes obese or not. Stress and overworking due to lack of a stable economy leads to poor eating habits. As Americans, we live in a fast paced, progressive environment which often requires a quick and specific fix to problems.

Hazardous Waste Incinerator Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Hazardous Waste Incinerator - Essay Example However, it will be worth it because the environment will be safe for future generations. Annual cost of the household hazardous incinerator = Running costs + Salaries + Insurance costs = Construction costs / 15 years (Dividing the construction cost by 15 years, allows the estimation an annual cost of the incinerator over the 15 year period) Although the hazardous incinerator costs $ 389,667 annually, the community’s incinerator is useful to the environment. It prevents the unfortunate occurrences of the 20th century in the United States. Municipal councils are often unable to achieve proper and safe disposal of refuse. As a result, issues like the Mobro incident of 1987 occur (Worell& Vesilind, 2012). However, a household incinerator for the community ensures that solid waste does not contribute to environmental pollution or the municipals burden. Finally, the incinerator will be useful for around five years. This means that the community will have an opportunity to upgrade the incinerator’s technology to be able to process solid waste products more safely. This is because environmental technology is fast developing to satisfy the environments

Dementia And Care For Elderly Health And Social Care Essay

Dementia And Care For Elderly Health And Social Care Essay Dementia the word itself says the meaning what dementia is? The condition in which deterioration of mental capacity to memorize the things, in other hand it means loss of memory, loss of function of certain part of brain. Dementia is a progressive brain dysfunction, which results in restriction of daily activities and in most cases leads in the long term to the need for care (Trevor, 1999) .Caroline (2001) defines dementia as an umbrella term used to explain different disease and disorders that affect the brain. Wood (1999) explained dementia as a syndrome of acquired loss of cognitive function, behavioural changes and loss of social function. In addition, Adams and Thorpe,(2003)states that the person with Alzheimer disease often has a temporary or permanent increase in the level of both physical and psychological disability with residual complication of poor care, such as weight loss, malnutrition reduced hygine,mobility or skin problem. I can say those complication plays great role to reduce the quality of life of individual. There is loss of short-term memory, disorientation in time and space, loss of ability to carry out complex daily living skills such as dressing or making a cup of tea, speech problems and deterioration in personality. Dementia is really a tough condition which interferes individual daily activities. The National Service Framework for older people(DOH,2001) standard 7 highlight that older people and mental health problems should have access to integrated mental health services, effective diagnosis, treatment and support for themselves and their careers. Simon and serge to (2001) there are behavioural changes in dementia which lead a relative to seek help from health care service. People with dementia have several behavioural difficulties changes, which are agitation, aggressive, discomfort from constipation, incontinence, sleep disturbance, communication difficulties and sexual inheriting. As I can say dementia can make life very complica ted and unusual. Dementia seems major problem in UK.It is the terrible stigma of the individual who is sufferer. According to department of health UK 750,000 people in the UK with dementia and numbers are expected to double in the next thirty years which will be big problem in future (www.dh.gov.uk 5 March at 3 pm). This is becoming very big issues in the country. if we go through statics of dementia most of elderly peoples are suffering from this condition over age of 65.To maintain dignity of the elderly and demented people government has planned and budget for those who is suffering. Government is spending lots of money and has committed to ensuring there is greater focus on accelerating the pace of improvement in dementia care (www.dh.gov.uk 5 March at3:15 pm) through local delivery of quality outcomes and local accountability for achieving them. There are numbers of care homes for elderly among them many homes are dementia nursing homes. These are expensive and social care service has to pay mon ey for them, increasing numbers of dementia obsiovsuly affect the system and economy status of the country because instead of using money in productive work, business and construction government is paying for dementia which is directly influences the country. Dementia takes the person out of work and it often takes family member out of work because they must care for the person (Bryden Christine). According to research it says the global cost of caring 35.6 million people worldwide with dementia is$604 billion, it is fast becoming one worlds biggest health challenges (www.healthmad.com /condition and disease 7th march 2011) HEALTH, WELL-BEING AND QUALITY OF LIFE It is very complicated and hard to define health; there are hundreds of views from different author and different organizations. As we know all of us accept the definition of world health organization, health is a complete ,physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity which means health is in relationship with different factors like individual,physical,social,physicological,emotional,environmental and cultural it means health is not only absence of disease. Person may become ill with his/her mental and social status and his surroundings. (According to WHO) Health is very important factor in human life as we know the saying health is wealth. Same like health well-being is also the important factor of healthy and wealthy life. Actually well-being is being healthy, happiness, free from stress, mentally, physically, socially and emotionally. Health and well-being are the most important components of healthy life. These are the component which determines the quality of life. Along with health and well-being quality of life is very important which play big role in life of indivudal.Quality of life denotes how the individual is? His daily life activities, his or her well-being. This is the term which determines living condition,facilities,possibilities,security,satisfaction,income,employment,food,education,quality healthservices,hygine,welfare and support. It is different from everyone. The main thing determine quality of life is our ability to enjoy all that life has to offer for instances, the ability to walk, talk and feel all contributes to our all quality of life.(B.christine supported this paragraph) Health ,well-being and quality of life is combination of good quality of life but dementia is the condition which badly destroyed the good component of life, it is the heartbreaking condition and take out real quality of life of the person(B. Christine ;Dancing with dementia). People suffering from this disease they lost their dignity, their choices, their preferences and their exact experiences of life. This condition is the combination of much worse condition. There are no actual findings and diagnosis in blood test and no any abnormalities in cerebrospinal fluid. This is the structural changes, shrinkage and damage of brain cells which lead the functional changes and affect the functioning of brain, having dementia is destructive of psychological, emotional feelings, physical ability and social intimacy of individual(B.Christine;Dancing with dementia).As I can say dementia can make make life really hard and it can influences the health very badly. DEMENTIA, IMPACT ON HEALTH People having dementia start to forget their daily activities and their personal hygiene and face a daily struggle to cope. Their mind often gets blank when trying to recall which become more and more difficult as time goes by. Life becomes fragment and enormous pile of difficult task (B. Christine; Dancing with Dementia). Person cannot able to control themselves and we can see the changes in behaviour, speech and memory.Anxiety,stress and depression are main causes and rising level of anxiety is losing way and good track of the individual which is prominent in dementia even impaired in communication, speaking reading, writing all seems like it is scrambled.(B.Christine ;Dancing with dementia) What I have noticed while working in dementia unit with dementia peoples used to screaming,shouting,crying,worried about money, worried about their children, their job,husband,wife and home seems like they are missing their brain somewhere since so longer. The brain damage will affect different ly according to the site of damage and nature of dead of cells and lobe of brain as well as environment and life history of the individual. Lord(2001) states that person with dementia have thinking processes that are already slowed, a treatment approach called orientation was developed to encourage interaction between staff and the person with dementia throughout the day, there is potential for this to encourage the development of a close relationship which staff come to know more about the unique person. In order for reality orientation to be effective, reorientation techniques have to be applied by all the carers who come in contact with the person. Sometimes its very hard for staff to become close and encourage person with dementia because of their aggression and agitation. According to Ballardetal,(2001) agitation is a state of extreme restlessness or irritability often characterized by pacing,hitting,yelling,or receptivness.This state can be produced by medications, physical di scomfort,anxiety,fatigue,sleep loss,insecurity,sensory overload, sensory deprivation, or sensory distortion such as that produced by cataracts or titanus. Agitation also may result from impatience or irritability on the caregiver. These entire physical, emotional and psychological imbalances with old age and disability to do the daily activities and personal hygiene cause the poor leaving status and poor health. TYPES AND CAUSES OF DEMENTIA: According to Alzheimer`s society there are many different types of dementia although some more far common than others. They are often named according to the condition that has caused the dementia (www.alzherimers.org.uk,28th march 2011). Alzheimer`s disease.(55 percent) Vascular dementia.(20 percent) Dementia with Lewy bodies.(20 percent) Fronto-temporal dementia. Korsakoff`s syndrome. Creutzfeldt jakob disease HIV related cognitive impairment. ( 10 percent) Mild cognitive impairment. Rarer cause of dementia. Alzheimer`s disease is the most common cause of dementia, affecting around the 465,000 people in the UK.The term `Dementia` is used to describe the symptoms that occur when the brain is affected by specific disease and conditions(www.Alzheimers.org.uk 28 march 2011,10:45 pm).In this condition, the chemistry and structure of the brain changes, leading to the death of brain cells(www.Alzheimers.org.uk 28 march 2011 11;00 pm).Alzheimer`s disease attacks the hippocampus and then brings about a gradual shrinkage of the brain,fronto-temporal dementia targets the frontal lobes. This means that the area of our brain that deals with mood and behaviour begins to suffer from a loss of cells (S.david; Introducing Dementia, The essential facts and issues of care).symptoms are such that they are unlikely to be recognized illness to start with. Anger and aggression are often the hallmarks of the illness. They may see just as unreasonable behaviour and trigger off a crisis such as marriage breakdown , leaving the person which is really heartbreaking it will influences the life of that person mean negative impact on his/her life. Like Alzheimer` disease and fronto-temporal dementia there are more causes and the condition for dementia (B.jane; caring for some with dementia). A number of rare conditions can cause dementia. Pick`s disease particularly affects the front of the person`s brain, leading to loss of judgment and inhibitions.Lewy body dementia is an illness which is related to Parkinson`s disease and which can fallow a different course from Alzheimers disease, with many spells of confusion, hallucinations and rapid decline to death (S.David; Introducing Dementia).According to the survey people over the age of 70 are at greater risk and one in five people over of age 80 suffer from the dementia. In the UK there are 17,000 younger people with dementia.(that is, under the age of 65) (S.David;Introducing dementia) PREVALENCE (all ages) Calculation of the numbers of people with dementia is based on the prevalence rates as fallows; Age 40-65 1 in 1,000 65-70 1 in 50 70-80 1in 20 80+ 1 in 5 (gray and fenner 1993) The pattern after age of 90 is unclear. An extrapolation of the prevalence table would indicate that by the age of 100 everybody would suffer from dementia. We know, however, that this is not the case, as there are many people over 100 with no sign of dementia (S.david; Introducing dementia). The total numbers in the UK are estimated at between 450,000 and 500,000 with a possible rise to over 650,000 in the first quarter of the 21st century (Bosanquet et al 1998).Even higher figures were quoted by the Alzheimer`s society in its evidence to the Royal Commission on long-term care in 1998, namely 720,491 now and 894,000 by the year 2021(S.David; Introducing dementia).As I can say after studied of dementia and its causes the major risks factor which can lead to dementia is old age, with the prevalence rate doubling every five years after the age of 65. http://www.medicine.ox.ac.uk/bandolier/booth/Risk/dementia1.jpg(www.google.co.uk/image 30 April at 11 pm) According to the research and studied researcher find out the possible causes of dementia, Dementia is linked to old age The family link Environmental factors Head injury According to the research people over age of 80 suffer from dementia which is the prove of old age, it is become more common because people are living longer.(S.david;introducing dementia).The risk to some people is a genetic one. People with Down`s syndrome are very likely to develop Alzheimer`s disease. In Down`s syndrome there is an extra copy of chromosome 21, which also carries one of the genes which, if faulty, leads to Alzheimer`s disease in small number of families. (S.david; introducing dementia).American research in 1989 suggested that 6 percent of people with Down`s syndrome in their 30s have Alzheimer`s disease, with the figure rising to 75 percent for those over the age of 55(Holland 1993).Previous head injury may increase the risk of developing dementia (B.jane; caring for someone with dementia).There are many factors which can cause dementia but scientist have thought that one of the environmental factor aluminium can be important cause of dementia, and there was a rap id clear-out of aluminium pans in some households. Although there is evidence of aluminium deposits in the brains of people who have died of Alzheimer`s disease (S.david; Introducing dementia).Likewise scientists have thought that mercury is another chemical which has been targeted, especially in connection with amalgam filling dentistry. Other chemical may poison both brain and body (S.davis; introducing dementia). According to the research and survey shows elderly peoples are prone to dementia Beta amyloid is gradually deposited in the brain as people get older. So its presence does not by itself indicate that a person will develop dementia (S.david: introducing dementia). Old age and low immune system, older persons are secondary to intrinsic problems such as orthostatic hypotension, arrhythmias, Parkinson`s disease, neuropathies, epilepsy, and medication the patient may taking, which can cause risk of fall. Falls commonly occur in older person but patient with dementia are even at greater risks (NICE 2004). Problems associated with falling include loss of mobility, psychological difficulties, hypothermia, pressure related injury, soft tissue damage. According to Chemnitz (1991) since patients with dementia can take medication antipsychotic, antidepressants, sedative/hypnotics, vasodilators, and diuretics are particularly associated with increased risk of falls, they should be used in the smallest doses that will achieve the desired effects. There should be proper training regarding medication review, modification and withdrawal for the nurses. As I can say dementia is common in elderly which can causes many complication in their life with great impact on their health. CONCLUSION The main conclusion of this assignment is that evidence that elderly people over age of 85 has more chances of dementia and has direct effect on health of the person. About 50% of cases of dementia have concurrent physical health problems. The burden of care produced by a physically sick patient is greater than that of fit one. Statistical analyses of the relation between old age and dementia is very close because the major risks factor which can lead dementia is old age, with the prevalence rate doubling every five years after the age of 65.Dementia and old age and its influences on health has greater link. Person may not be diagnosed they are suffering from dementia and that could be early stage, if they are living on their own. Especially they are at risks of having inadequate diet. It can cause malnutrition and reduced appetite of the individual.AS person grow older they may face significant life changes that can put individual at risks of depression, illness and disability, low immune system, weakness of bone and muscle, pain and loneliness. Depression is main factor which can lead dementia in elderly. There appears to be enough evidence, from different studies and research growing age, depression and dementia share many similar symptoms including memory problems, sluggish speech and movement and low motivation. As we know older person has more risks of dementia, dementia linked with physical discomfort, pain, anxiety, loss of mobility stiffness and poor balance which prone to falls. Most studies have proved that person with dementia or elderly person who are unable to leave their bed may develop pressure sores as I can say this is the prove of poor health. As growing age weakness of muscle as I have mention before, if the person with dementia does become incontinent it will be the worse and it really harm the dignity of the individual. There are strong association between old age, dementia and the poor health condition of the person. Older person cant loo k after themselves properly because of physical disability; Poor health and improper hygiene cause the infections like chest infection, skin infections and localized infection.Physical, phsycological, emotional imbalance lead greater difference in life of individual. Likewise poor diet and depression improper housing can cause poor quality of life and can badly affect the health of individual. Throw rugs are dangerous to elderly people, especially dementia patient. Loose rugs are hazardous because the patient may catch his foot underneath the edge, trip and fall, possibly suffering a broken hip. ,

A Descriptive Analysis of Nigger: The Meaning of a Word by Gloria Naylo

A Descriptive Analysis of Nigger: The Meaning of a Word by Gloria Naylor What is the rhetor’s purpose? In the essay â€Å"Nigger: the meaning of a word† Gloria Naylor discusses the essence of a word and how it can mean different things to different people in a myriad of situations. Depending on race, gender, societal status and age Naylor outlines how a word like ‘nigger’ can have different meanings within one’s own environment. Naylor discusses how a word can go from having a positive to a negative connotation merely due to how it is spoken and by whom. Naylor shares a personal experience with her audience as she describes the first time she really â€Å"heard† the word ‘nigger’. A young white boy in her third grade class spit it in her face. Naylor states, â€Å"I didn’t know what a nigger was, but I knew that whatever it meant, it was something he shouldn’t have called me.† (Naylor 460) Naylor writes about her own personal experience and is obviously biased. This, while powerful, can also be seen as a limited view of the subject. Her audience only understands thorough her eyes and her experiences. Naylor is trying to educate her audience by sharing a personal experience. I think she wants her audience to sit back and think about the words they use and how others may use them and how this can affect others. Naylor wants her audience to understand how she was affected not only by a young boy but also by how she didn’t really think about the word ‘nigger’ until the moment it was used to hurt her. She is striving to make her audience think about the words they use and hear and how the context these words are immersed in can change the meaning of them. Who composes the target audiences? To be a part of Naylor’s target audience one must have obviously had experience with language and how people use it. She is targeting those who have heard and/or used the word â€Å"nigger† before. Naylor wants her audience to take on her experience and be empathetic towards her. She doesn’t do this in a seemingly pathetic way, as she seeks no pity. She outlines her experience and wants her audience to understand her view and how this view came to be. What roles or personas does the rhetor assume? Naylor assumes the role of an educator in her writing. She assumes a persona of a young girl experiencing a new way of understanding a word. ... ... She uses a conversational tone that adapts nicely to the audience. I say this because draws the reader in and he or she easily understands and accepts her experience. Naylor uses her experience to exemplify her point and to offer validity. One is drawn in by her experience as a young girl, and her evolution of understanding. Naylor makes her audience think about what it would be like to really â€Å"hear† a word for the first time, to look back and realize you had heard the word many times in a different context. What strategies are used? The language used by Naylor is common, as she doesn’t use large words one has to look up to understand. She writes in low style which is effective for her argument. This use of languages conjures an almost friendly relationship with her audience, like she is sitting down with you over a cup of coffee discussing how context can change your understanding of a word. She is sharing a part of her life and experience with the audience in order to shed light on her argument. Works Cited: Naylor, Gloria. â€Å"Nigger: The Meaning of a Word† Ed. Goshgarian, Gary. Exploring Language. Ninth Edition. Toronto: Longman, 2001. Pages 460-462

Abraham Lincolns Assassination Essay

The destruction of a legacy In the year 1810, Abraham Lincoln was the man who had eyes for the future. He had remarkable hopes, dreams and goals he wished to accomplish for his country. He was a member of the union and was working towards freeing the slaves, and crushing the confederacy. Most of the country supported him and his goals. Yet there were still a few states that supported slavery and wanted Lincoln dead. Confederates were worries that Lincoln would take away their rights. However the confederates did not see that Lincoln was made for greatness. Unfortunately, his life was cut short by: John Wilkes Booth, Abraham Lincoln’s assassin. On April 14, 1865, John Wilkes Booth became the first person to assassinate an American president when he shot and killed Abraham Lincoln in his box at Ford’s Theater in Washington (Kauffman). John Wilkes Booth was a supporter of the confederacy. He was convinced Lincoln was going to destroy the constitution. So out of frustration, anger and delusion he begu n to plot his plan to assassinate president Lincoln. Booth had several failed attempts on Lincolns’ life. Luckily enough for Booth, Lincoln planed to see the play: My American Cousin, at Fords Theater. See more:  Mark Twain’s Humorous Satire in Running for Governor Essay Booth happened to be a known actor who preformed at Fords Theater so he had no problem attending the play. Because Booth was an actor he knew the details and the schedule to My American Cousin. Wilkes was able to go in to Lincoln’s booth and time the shot perfectly with the music from the play so that people attending the play would not notice. â€Å"From a distance of about four feet behind Lincoln, Booth fired a bullet into the President’s brain. Major Rathbone sprang up to grab the assassin, but Booth wrested himself away after slashing the major with a large knife. Booth rushed to the front of the box and Booth leapt over the railing, where he fractured the fibula in his left leg. Rising from the stage, Booth shouted, â€Å"Sic semper tyrannus!† and ran across the stage and fled from the back of the theatre† (Bogar). Many say that Wilkes did not work alone and some say he did, unfortunately that will never be known. â€Å"While many people assumed tha t  hidden forces were behind the assassination, others speculated that Booth had acted on his own. The reason: he wanted to immortalize himself† (Kauffman). Although back in that time period, people would often forget to check and examine every speculation of evidence, or not even have the means to investigate said evidence, so things would go overlooked. Such as John Wilkes Booth just being a small pawn in the larger scheme of Abraham Lincolns’ assassination. John Wilkes Booths’ assassination of Lincoln is said to be part of a whole conspiracy theory. When Booth began formulating a plan for Lincolns’ assassination, he recruited friends for his operation. Booth and his fellow conspirators met to plan their assassination on the president. They originally planned to abduct the president and hold him for ransom, however things did not go as planned. â€Å"When Richmond fell, the plans turned to assassination. First, there was the failed effort to blow up the White House, followed by the successful effort to kill Lincoln at the theater†(Steers). Wilkes heard the president would be attending the play My American Co usin, so Wilkes jumped on that opportunity and made a plan with his conspirators. Unlike Booth, his conspirators did not exactly support the idea of abducting the president during the play so they decided to terminate the plan. Nevertheless Wilkes when A-wall and decided to move forward with the plan, with the result being successful. â€Å"The idea that Lincoln was killed as part of a grand conspiracy of Confederates arose almost immediately after the assassination† (Steers). Confederates wanted Lincoln dead for the hope for the confederacy rising. â€Å"Lincoln was viewed as a legitimate wartime target† (Steers). Part of the theory of reason for Lincolns’ assassination are linked to the Unions failed raid on Richmond. This raid was viewed as incriminating evidence of Lincolns’ determination and will to end the war. Ending the war was what the confederacy was afraid of. The confederacy wanted to be rid of Lincoln so they could not have to conform and agree to Lincoln’s new ideas and upcoming laws. To prevent Lincoln’s ideas from becoming actions, the confederacy took matters in their own hands. Lincoln’s assassination was the end of a legacy. He died to youn g and to soon. Abraham Lincoln was betrayed by his country, being left for dead with out any peace but only the hope of his ideas and goals to be carried out my upcoming successors. His assassination was unfair and uncalled for. His country went behind his back and plotted his death because  some people were too ignorant and arrogant to see Lincolns full potential and what Lincoln could have provided for America. Who knows what Lincoln would have accomplished if his death wasn’t so early.

The Best Topics for Essay Writing of 2013

The Best Topics for Essay Writing of 2013 The Best Topics for Essay Writing of 2013 Everybody knows how difficult it is to take a first step, no matter what kind of task you have to do. The same is true about writing an essay. Trying to write a draft even without knowing how and what you have to write can help you practice writing a little bit, but on the other hand it is a complete waste of time in most cases. So, every kind of task needs careful planning in order to know the sequence of all actions you have to take while writing your essay. Well, the first and perhaps the most important step you have to take is choosing a topic of your essay. You can pick one randomly, without even thinking whether it meets your essay requirements or whether you are interested in it and can find enough information. Choosing an inappropriate topic may cause further problems, and it would be just too late to change another one. So, consider all the possible problems you may encounter while writing an essay on a particular topic. By the way, it is better to choose an interesting topic, even if it is complicated, then to knock yourself out writing an easy, but rather boring essay which will not appeal neither to you, nor your teachers. Keep in mind that a bad beginning makes a bad ending. Lets consider several ideas of choosing a compelling topic. First of all, you can choose a recent event, something that happened in 2013, and analyze it in your essay. Do you remember the birth of the British royal child, Prince George of Cambridge? Why not write an essay analyzing the importance of British monarchy or the possibility to change the form of government and the consequences of it. Maybe it is worth mentioning Edward Snowden? You can express your opinion on whether he did the right thing by disclosing confidential information of US government. You can also dwell upon various surveillance programs here. Are you interested in physics? Write an essay about Peter Higgs, who was given a Noble Prize in Physics in 2013. Having researched elementary particles, Higgs boson in particular, his work has a significant impact on science. So, the useful tip for you is, try to remember everything that happened in 2013 and choose the event you were impressed by. On the other hand, there are things that happen all the time. The humanity hasnt found a solution to many problems, such as environmental pollution, poverty, terrorism etc. Anyway, there are lots of topics to choose from. If you need some help with writing your essay, we can eagerly help you with such kind of task. is one of professional essay writing services which provides students with quality custom essays and research papers. We write custom papers on any essay topics!

Love after Love and This Room Essays

Love after Love and This Room Essays Love after Love and This Room Essay Love after Love and This Room Essay Love after love is a poem written by Derek Walcott it is all about finding your self and its telling you how to move on, it looks at the past and reflects all the good and bad things that had happened then. It tells you to be happy just the way you are. It also says that sad love after affair can restrict us, making us neglect ourselves but optimistic message that we will throw this off and be happy again.This room is a poem written by Imitaz Dharker, which has a similar idea of throwing you off restrictions and constraints but more, symbolic, showing that restrictions could be anything. It is about the unrestrained joy of life.Both poems are optimistic about happiness.The poems have different optimism, in love after love it says You will greet yourself arriving and will smile showing that happiness will return. Also in the text it says The stranger who has loved you all your life it is a clam message we should discover and cherish ourselves, it is a comforting promise of permanent l ove. It also says will smile at the others welcome implying that they are happy to see each other and they will say no words because there facial expressions will show it all.In this room it says Breaking out as pots and pans fly by the ceiling fan. This is implying that it is an exciting, lively poem, more effervescent than other, almost like a cartoon with its crazy ideas. It also says when the improbable arrives this is an important line because she is expressing the need to break out of constraints, to relish the unexpected and live life fully. When it says Im wondering where Ive left my feet This implies that they are all confused and unaware of what is happening.The poems have different form and structure, Love after love has a free verse to match the ideas of the poem because it is about the freedom to be ourselves. The structure between the first verse and final verse are very different it starts with the time will come, meaning it is near the start. In the final verse it sa ys the photographs suggesting the past, what has happened and looking at it.In this Room the poem is also free verse like the other, it suits the message of casting off restrictions. The poem frequently uses enjambment it says breaking cracking this is the present continuous showing that it is happening now and will be happening in the near future.The language in the two poems is different, in love after love the variety of tenses in the poem captures some of life;s stages. There is the past when you ignored yourself but the future for the certaincy of how you will smile The poem has some repetition in it, it repeats the word you suggesting that the poem is telling you what to do, it is in the imperative. The poem also uses monosyllables like Sit, here and eat this shows that the poem is very simple and easy to understand. The poem also uses religious associations it says Give wine, give bread this refers to Jesus Last Supper, which suggests that the poem is very special like Jesu s.In this Room the present tense Is used throughout the poem so it captures the action of all this activity it says This room is breaking out, the bed is lifting and Chairs are rising. The poem uses alliteration it says Celebration, clang this creates tension and makes the poem sound more exciting.

Public Administration Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Public Administration - Research Paper Example On the other hand, employees expect the department to treat and motivate them with dignity and respect. Satisfying the needs and expectation of all stakeholders in policing organizations is quite challenging in the contemporary society. This paper examines some of the challenges involved in the management of police department. Roy, Jack and Novak (2002, p8) define management as â€Å"a process of working with employees in a humane manner for efficient and effective attainment of the organization’s goals and objectives†. In policing and other modern organizations, managing outcome and output are critical components of the management process (Stillman, 2012). In police organizations output are the activities, which a police department undertakes. Some of the activities include arresting offenders, assisting people with various problems, maintaining confidentiality and the manner in which the police officers conduct themselves. The outcomes are the results that occur from the police action and behavior. They include changes in the rate of crime, the attitude of the community towards the police and the level of contentment with the police service among other outcomes. Change in attitude and behavior of the public towards the law enforcement agencies is one of the major outcomes of the police (Ro y, Jack and Novak, 2002). In contemporary policing organization, managers of police departments are confronted with various challenges that involve integrating and balancing expectations between three important stakeholders, namely employees, the police organization and the community. The community keeps a watchful eye on the reaction and behavior of the police toward persons, the use (or misuse) of allocated resources within the police organization and how police department undertake various sensitive operations such as promotion, recruitment, prevention of crime among others. In addition, the community is

Clinical update on the most effective sequence to first responding to Essay

Clinical update on the most effective sequence to first responding to unresponsive patient for optimal patient outcomes - Essay Example This should be done to the patient so that the unresponding patient can be revived from the coma state. The cause of unresponsive state of the patient is mainly caused by the low blood supply in the body of the individual which is insufficient to reach to the brain and to the heart thereby causing the individual to be unresponsive or otherwise faint. Throughout the study, some practices should not be done to the patient for example slapping the patient , giving of drink and food to the patient who is unresponsive should not be done among others will lead to other complications. When a patient is not responding or unconsciousness, it is impossible for one to talk or do any activity and this is commonly known to be a coma state or in other word comatose state. It is important for one to be aware of do’s and don’ts concerning the patient either a grown up or a child. Other patients have changes in awareness where they do not become unconscious where their mind is altered thus being termed as altered mental status or changed mental status. The patient becomes confused leading to yelling, production of foam from the mouth among others. The change of mental status should be treated as a medical emergency since it is a condition that can lead to death in a quicker manner (Cooke, 2009). In other times the patient may be awake but less alert where if asked questions like their name may lead to inability to answer the questions which indicate a change in the mental status. When a asleep, the patient can respond to noise and other disturbances like shak ing of their head or hands thus leading to waking up but in the case of an individual who is not responding or otherwise who is in unconscious mood the individual will not cough or clear his or her throat. This condition can lead to death if care and other medical attention are not conducted quickly since in most cases the patient airway may be blocked thus leading to instant death if first aid is not

Education Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Education - Coursework Example They are mainly used to inspire young people to wake up to reality. In the past I have engaged in different writing such as journals, novel, essays and play (Chandler, 2011). I began by wring essays on issues surrounding education and family affairs then moved to plays and novels on love and romantic. Dwelling much on current social issues are my journal articles produces annually. I have written essays letters and poems frequently in the past and continue with them in the present. Of late I have focused most of my attention to poem and essays. Poems are dedicated to the students in the elementary college and the essays tackles issues surrounding education in the contemporary society. This has motivated to specialize in writing books and journal on education. Record keeping has been my concern right from the beginning. Since I began to write the essays I have all the record and the dates, in which they were published, the record has enabled to explore different areas that are not yet exploited (Rudgley, 2000). I do not like writing under deadlines but I set for myself the time frame to write and produce an article. Working under pressures leads to substandard articles which reflect poor approach. I enjoy most creativity in writing. I can create a fictions story to be a true story. Another issue interesting me writing is that writing is self initiative, no one compels but it is out of willing interest (Chandler, 2011). On the other hand what discourages me about writing is that it is time consuming and other scholar can use your document without permission. This behavior among scholar is rampant and destroys the good work that has been

Seiler BMW London Essay Example for Free

Seiler BMW London Essay I want to include the BMW logo on the top middle and my logo on the top right so when people open a letter they can see straight away, that it is a letter from the BMW company. And after that they see my logo and know from what BMW company. compliment slips: I want to include BMW logo and my own logo beside each other on the bottom right. So you can find it straight away, when you are looking through a bunch of compliment slips. 3-folded leaflet: I want to include my and BMWs logo on the bottom, beside each other, on the last page. So when you looked through it you see what company it is from. Also I want to put a little BMW logo in the middle of the first page. These are the two logos: BMWs on the right and my one on left: Design In my design I will decide between 3 3-folded leaflets, 3 business cards, 3 headed paper and 3 compliment slips. I will design everything myself and I will produce the chosen design for my company: Seiler BMW London I will design all of my product by hand on the following pages. I will include some of the information I analysed on my collected BMW product. I also have to include the BMW logo and my logo on every product. On the following pages I will show you 3 sketches of every Item I want to produce. I will choose on of these and tell you why Ive chosen it. On the next page I will how you 3 headed paper designs. I will show every design (of the product) to people and get their opinion. They will choose with me what product I am going to produce because it is not important if I think that the product is good but the people have to tell me if it is good. So every produced product was chosen by me and the opinion of the people Ive asked. I will show now ones more the BMW logo and my logo (Seiler BMW London) so I can show the EXACT colour I have to use on my products: Dark Blue White Black Grey (letters).

Educating Students With Autism English Language Essay

Educating Students With Autism English Language Essay Many people with ASC (autism spectrum conditions) have intricacy in identifying emotions in themselves and other people. For young children learning to speak, suffering from autism present a special problem to their teachers as well as parents as they are faced with the challenge of teaching these unfortunate children how to express themselves through speech. The importance of effective communication cannot be underestimated. Yet teaching students with autism is not an easy task, it requires patience and use of special assistive technology tools to help these children learn how to form words and use them effectively. There are various technologies that can be used, while other are simple some of these technology are so advanced and needs extra training to use them. One of the basic technologies that has been used for a number of years is Picture Exchange Communication Systems (PECS ) studies have indicated that this technology improves communication of children with autism This paper intends to discuss on the use of this assistive technology to educate students with Autism. Introduction People with autism spectrum conditions have impairments in public communication; included in this core impairment is an intricacy with the social emotional reciprocity in addition to nonverbal communication such as gestures, facial expression and eye contact. Regularly, people with autism spectrum conditions have difficulties identifying emotions particularly complex emotions that call for metalizing (jealous, embarrassed, sarcastic) in both themselves and other people. All of these complications can add to challenges in keeping and making friendships and other encouraging peer relationships. WHAT IS ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY? Assistive technology tool means any piece of equipment, item, or product system, whether acquired commercially, modified, off-the-shelf, or customized, that is used to maintain, increase, or improve functional abilities of people with disabilities. Assistive technology service directly assists people with a disability in the acquisition, selection, or use of an assistive technology. The Use of Assistive Technology to Educate Students with Autism The theory of mind is one conceptualization used to explain the social impairment in autism spectrum conditions (Golan and Bauminger, 2006). The theory states that people with autism spectrum conditions have an intrinsic disability in terms of recognizing the psychological perspective of others. That is, they have problem imputing emotion, meaning, and intent to other people. Deficits in this part are serious to effective social interaction, to a great extent it is anticipated on knowing what other people are feeling or thinking. Getting to know emotions is one aspect of the capability to take another persons perspective. A number of studies have researched on the interventions to educate individuals with autism spectrum conditions to identify emotions. These comprise social skill instruction (Golan and Bauminger, 2006) and assistive technology interventions. For instance, Bauminger (2006) examined the use of a behavior based intervention to assist in the emotion recognition skills of 15 high responding kids with autism, ages 8 to 17. The intervention involved lessons from a social skill syllabus used in the school setting for 2 to 4 hours per week for 7 months. The lessons comprised of activities such as role play and just plays with a normally developing peer and working on the skills acquired from each weekly lesson with parents at home. The end results showed advancement in the kids emotional ability and knowledge to give examples of difficult emotions. Specially, at post intervention, the partakers with autism were likely to start social communication with their peers and spent a lot of time displaying encouraging social behaviors. In another study, Hadwin, Baron-Cohen, Howlin, and Hill (1996) taught children with autism spectrum conditions to foresee and identify emotions in others using a computer based intervention called the Emotions Trainer. Partakers between the ages of 12 and 20, incorporated in either a control group or an experimental, were diagnosed with either Asperger syndrome or autism. The program comprised of five sections that incorporated asking the user to select the correct emotion out of four options explaining photographed facial expressions, events or situations, and descriptive captions and objects. Contrasted to the control group, the experimental group showed improvement in their ability to recognize emotions in tale and cartooned circumstances that triggered an emotional response, but not in their recognition of emotion in pictures (facial expressions), on which both intervention and control groups demonstrated improvement. The following section will examine Picture Exchange Communicat ion Systems (PECS) as one of the key assistive technology used to assist students with autism. Picture Exchange Communication Systems (PECS) This is a low technology assistive system created as an augmentative and alternative communication (AAC), where pictures are used in place of words to assist children with autism to communicate because of their problems in speech development. At the initial stage of using PECS, a child is provided with a number of pictures of favorite toys or foods. If the child requires any of these things, he simply gives the picture of the specific item to a therapist, teacher or even caregiver (Charlop-Christy, et al. 2002). The person receiving this picture in return hands the toy or food to the child. Through this exchange, communication is then strengthened. Similarly PECS can as well be applied to make suggestions regarding things viewed or heard within the surrounding. For instance, a student might view a car passing by and give a picture of a car to his teacher. The objective of this method is that, when a child starts to acknowledge the importance of communication, the child will start using natural speech instead of pictures. How this assistive technology works A student with autism can be taught how to use this technology by his teacher, caregiver or a therapist, who understands the way this technology works. Normally, an applied behavior analysis (ABA) method is applied. Through this method, prompts are offered to control the picture exchange. More so, in the initial stages of PECS training, the student selects a picture he wants and gets what is on the picture, for instance food. Receiving food is meant to give a positive reinforcement to the student for his use of the picture in communicating. Normally PECS training entails six stages: Stage I: the teacher lists down a list of the students favorite items normally starting with foods. A single item from the list is chosen for the opening training lesson, and items picture is drawn. The item can be put in a place visible to the student, to allow the student to view the item but not to pick it. When the child seems interested in the item, the teacher gives such a student a picture card of the item. The teacher guides the students hand to pick the picture and give it to the teacher. The moment the teacher receives the card from the student, he communicates loudly the want the student wants, for instance, he say so you want the cake and give the cake to the child. Stage II: the teacher moves a little distance in order for the student to move towards him to give the picture card to the teacher. Stage III: the student is provided with several picture cards so that he can choose the one representing what he wants. The selected picture card is given to the teacher, at this moment; the student may use a binder or a communication board where the cards will be held. Stage IV: at this point, the student is provided with a card written on I want____. The student has to use this card together with the picture card illustrating what is wanted. The concept is that the student will learn the way to communicate through complete sentences. Those students who can not read the words can be in a position to recognize the words written as symbols on the card. Stage V: prior to this stage, the student has never been directly what he wants, at this stage, the teacher asks the student directly what he wants, and then waits for the student to select a picture representing what the students wants. This lesson builds the basis for future communication between the student and the teacher when the teacher wants to find out what the student wants. Stage VI: the moment the student is able to fluently use PECS, and has managed to generalize the system to use it to communicate with other people apart from the teacher; the student is taught the way make suggestions on something that he has observed. The teacher picks up something interesting and asks the student to say what the item is. At that stage the teacher also picks a card with I see _____. The student is to match the card with what he is seeing. In this manner, the child is able to learn how to communicate what he observes together with his experiences to other people (Charlop-Christy, et al. 2002). Theory behind this technology The express reinforcement coming from immediately receiving what a student with autism is the main principle of PECS. A student is able to show his inner wishes without speaking any words, and be rewarded. Such tangible rewards greatly reinforce such a child compared to social rewards, particularly during the initial stage of communication. PECS could as well improve the social relations of an autism child. This is because the child is able to learn to initiate communication; more so, at this point the child is not expected to speak, so the child is less intimidated. How effective is the technology A number of studies carried out have indicated that PECS is useful tool in helping children with autism. For example, a study carried out by Schwartz, et al. (1998) on eighteen preschool students suffering from autism and with speech difficulties established that those children were able to communicate through PECS in their school days. However, after a training of one year, nearly 50 percent of these children stopped to use PECS and instead began to natural communicate (Schwartz, et al. 1998). More studies supporting this observation were found by (Charlop-Christy, et al. 2002). generally, evidence from a number of studies have established that PECS assistive tool is an effective technique in developing natural speech in children suffering from autism, particularly if they are taught how to use this tool when is below six years of age (Bondy, 2001). Side issues This technology has no known side effectives to children with autism. Though a number of parents showed concerns that their children could end up depending on PECS as their communication tool, and fail to develop their natural speech, this concern lacks any credible support from studies. On the contra, there is credible evidence showing that children suffering from autism are able to learn through PECS to develop their speech quicker compared to those who have not used PECS (Bondy, 2001). Conclusion Children suffering from autism conditions have impairments in public communication; included in this core impairment is an intricacy with the social emotional reciprocity in addition to nonverbal communication such as gestures, facial expression and eye contact. Such children need special assistance when at school to improve on their communication special speech. Teachers and caregivers have a number of assistive technologies that they can use to assist these children. As discussed above one of the very effective and easy to use assistive technology is Picture Exchange Communication Systems (PECS), though it involves only six stages, they offer the child with the required speech mechanism and enable a student with autism to al least be able to form words and communicate his feelings. Nevertheless, as noted by Charlop-Christy, et al. (2002) this technology can be used together with other technologies for better results.